The Degree of Privacy Requirement for Residents’ Activities in the Shophouse in Yogyakarta
＜Journal of Habitat Engineering and Design, Volume 5, Number 1, pp. 113-125, Mar. 2013＞　 Lya Dewi Anggraini, Ryuzo Ohno

Residents of shophouse in Yogyakarta combine shop keeping with domestic activities which require different degree of privacy related to social interaction. Intensive observation and in-depth interviews were conducted with 30 residents to obtain their daily activities and to inquire how they feel invaded with such category of people as strangers, customers, servants/workers, friends, and family members visually and physically. The difference of privacy requirement between groups and individuals is examined by contrasting two communities in Chinese and Javanese settlements. There are selected 16 activities which are sorted out from low to high degree of privacy based on the accumulated response in each category of people. The result shows that 4 activities (serving guest, serving customers, displaying goods, and storing shop goods) require low privacy, 9 activities (waiting for customers, drying clothes, reading, lunch, washing clothes, breakfast, watching TV, dinner, and cooking meal) require moderate privacy, and 3 activities (praying. sleeping, and bathing) require high privacy. Further result shows that the physical and visual requirement are highly correlated or much higher in physical access than visual access for all activities for both groups but such activities as cooking meal, washing clothes, drying clothes, and serving guest for several residents require higher visual access. Full paper　→　PDF

Study of Indonesian Social Behavior through Activity Pattern Analysis in the Dwellings
＜Proceedings of AIJ annual conference (E-1) pp.335-336，August 2009＞　 Syam Rachma Marcillia and Ryuzo Ohno

As a dwelling, the house is not merely a shelter; it is an actualization of meaning. Objectives of this study are; To know whether social behavior is really an important aspect of Indonesian dwellings in any circumstances, what are the fundamental meaning, ideals or values of Indonesian social behavior that need to be facilitate and how is it facilitated through the spaces and activities arrangements in the dwellings. Constraint dwellings are chosen as research objects to extract a clearer relation between social behaviors with dwellings usage. Residents’ activities were investigated by studying spatial development and adjustment for satisfying social interaction in Java earthquake 2006 post disaster dwellings and studying behavioral adjustment of conflict for need of privacy and social interaction in mis-fit and unchangeable spaces of Japanese compact apartments. Questionnaires and interview were conducted in both case studies. Information on respondents’ background, house plan, personal and interpersonal activities and cognition of spaces were achieved. As results, it is necessary even in constraint dwelling to consider social behavior importance as culturally sensitive design for reconstruction recovery. Full paper　→　PDF

Indonesian Family Living in Japanese Compact Apartment -Definition of Spaces and Privacy Gradient-
＜Proceedings of AIJ annual conference (E-1) pp.775-776，September 2008＞　 Syam Rachma Marcillia and Ryuzo Ohno
In defining dwelling (housing), one can not only compare the physical artifacts encounters (Rapoport, 2005). Different culture had different perception and actualization of their dwelling. Such culture perceived ‘core house’ as their dwelling setting while other conceived not only the house but also its surroundings streets shared wheels, religious institution, etc., that cannot be parted from their daily lifestyle as the dwelling settings. Nowadays, Japanese compact apartment have more functionally separation room compared to the traditionally large living room expressed as i-ma or living "space", but basically it still provides ‘core house` as the basic dwelling for Japanese culture. For the foreigners, sudden change from self satisfied house at hometown country to Japanese compact apartment had left no choice than to adapt to the condition. The limited domestic space will increase the space and activities incompatibility and although the physical setting had changed, cultural background inherited from previous living environment continuously adapted to the limited Japanese compact apartment. This will lead to compensation between space and activities that involves space-activities regulation. This paper discusses a preliminary research to understand how people from different culture adapt and cope with the constraint living.

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An analysis of residents’ responses to the 2006 Central Java Earthquake ＜Proceedings of the 8th Pacific Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Paper No. 192, Dec. 2007> Syam Rachma Marcillia and Ryuzo Ohno
Through analysis of questionnaires and one-on-one interviews, this study assesses the physical and sociobehavioral states of people affected by the earthquake measuring Mw 6.3 that struck the Indonesian island of Java near Yogyakarta on 27 May 2006 at 5:53 AM local time, leaving tremendous damage in the lives of the residents. Data collection for the study was carried out in October and November 2006 as an integrated continuation of a previous session conducted in June. The present survey found (1) that although traditional wooden houses performed seismically better than brick houses, residents continue to prefer using brick masonry to rebuild their homes because of their persistent good image of it, (2) that traditional living practices and community values such as gotong royong play quite important roles in the reconstruction process, and (3) that access to information regarding disaster prevention and mitigation had been lacking in the community prior to the earthquake. The overview of results provided in this report will prove useful in developing relief programs and precautionary measures for future disasters. Full paper -> PDF

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